The lighthouse built to replace the Cape Florida Lighthouse on Key Biscayne is called ____________.

 

(__________ _________ Lighthouse, ca. 1885, credit: Ralph Munroe Collection, HistoryMiami Munroe-77D)

The first lighthouse in the Miami area was the Cape Florida Lighthouse on Key Biscayne. Cape Florida Light warned passing ships of the coastline and coral reef; however some ships were still lost on the reefs. Cape Florida lighthouse was the only lighthouse in the area until technology made it possible for another lighthouse further out on the reef to replace it.

What was the Biltmore used for during World War II?

 

(Miami Biltmore Hotel and Country Club, ca. 1946, Credit: HistoryMiami 1997-349-13)

During WWII many soldiers came to Miami to train.  Many of the hotels in the area were converted for use by the military, including the Biltmore.

What minister in Miami set up the Coconut Grove Committee for Slum Clearance in the 1960s?

 

(Coconut Grove Citizens Committee for Slum Clearance. Credit: Virrick Papers, HistoryMiami, 1995-628-24)

After the Civil War and Reconstruction states in the south, including Florida, passed laws legalizing segregation. One of the statutes put into place determined where African Americans could and could not live. These laws in effect set up slums in major cities around the nation. During the Civil Rights movement people protested these laws and demanded equal treatment for all races.

A. Rev. Theodore Gibson

What is the southernmost city in the state of Florida?

(Custom House, Ca. 1925, credit: HistoryMiami 1997-381-3)

Most of Florida, while not very wide, is long. Historically, because settlements usually were established along the water, cities grew along the coast. Florida also has the southernmost city in the continental United States.

A. Key West

From what country did thousands of people immigrate to the US beginning in 1960?

 

(Freedom Flight, 1965? Photo by Charles Trainor. Credit: Miami News Collection, HistoryMiami, 1989-011-4514)

Throughout the 20^th century the demographics of Miami changed. Following Castro’s rise to power Freedom Flights brought upwards of 265,000 people from their homeland to areas around the United States, including Miami.

What does Tortugas mean in Spanish?

 

(Fort Jefferson, Dry Tortugas, near Key West, Fla., ca. 1910. Credit: Stan Cooper Collection, HistoryMiami, 1988-275-8)

The Dry Tortugas are 70 miles west of Key West. The islands were named by the Spanish when they explored the area. After Florida became a state the United States built Fort Jefferson on one the islands.

A. Turtles

In what month did the 1926 hurricane strike?

 

(Miami street after the 1926 hurricane. Photo by Verne O. Williams. Credit: HistoryMiami, x-0237-1)

The Miami area has always been in the path of hurricanes. Miami and Miami Beach were hit with a particularly bad one in 1926, causing large amounts of damage from which it would take years to recover.

A. September

Where did Nixon buy his home?

 

(Richard Nixon and Bebe Rebozo, ca. 1968. Credit: Miami News Collection, HistoryMiami 1981-099-97)

Since the 1920s, presidents have traveled to South Florida for vacations. Richard Nixon was no different, buying a home in Florida before his presidency and then using it as a vacation home during and after his time in office.

 

A. Key Biscayne

When Pan Am began, to what two cities did it deliver mail?

 

(Pan Am Seaplane flying over palms, ca. 19--. Credit: Pan Am Collection, HistoryMiami, 1996-675-61)

Starting in 1927, Pan American World Airways became a major international airline based out of Miami.  It started, however, by carrying mail.

A. Key West and Havana

 -For more information about Miami’s aviation connections, visit Aviation in Miami: the First 100 Years at HistoryMiami.

Where did the Seaboard Air Line Railway have their headquarters?

 

(Seaboard Air Line Railway in Florida, ca. 1926. Credit: HistoryMiami, x-1554-1)

Before airplanes became the most popular form of cross country travel, many people traveled by train. A major train line taking people to and from Miami was the Seaboard Air Line Railway, which ran the Orange Blossom Special.

A. Portsmouth, VA